Marine Ecosystems - 4156 Words

Rocky Shore Ecosystems- Point Cartwright Nicolas Cuny 11B Mr. Nisbett Due Date: 03/09/2010 Introduction: On the 23rd of August, the three biology classes or grade 11 at Redlands College visited the rocky shore ecosystems at Point Cartwright in Queensland. Two different types of rocky shore ecosystem were examined, the rock pool area, and the boulder area. We first examined areas within the rock pool area. The rock pool area has several specific features which set it apart from other rocky shore ecosystems, including its geological makeup and position. It is made up of a flat platform of rock pockmarked with numerous rock pools; indents in the rocks which are filled with water and contain†¦show more content†¦Sea anemones feed from the surrounding water by catching small micro-organisms in their tentacles. For this reason, anemones need constant water to survive which is why none were observed in the boulder area as an area with constant water cannot be guaranteed. Sand is another factor which is present in the boulder area, but not in the rock pools. Sea cucumbers were thriving closer to the low tide mark in the boulder area, yet none were observed in the rock pool area. Sea cucumbers are almost always found laying spread out across the sand, with their feeding tubes out, browsing along the sand bed. This is the feeding habit of the sea cucumber and it would not be able to carry out this habit without the presence of sand. It is shown time and time again by the presence and habits of specific organisms in each area that the abiotic factors of each area affect the ability for an organism to survive in that system. See next page for transect table taken at Point Cartwright boulder area. (TRANSECT TABLE INSERT HERE!) Figure 1: Green Algae Percentage of Algae Cover (%) Metres from shore (M) Figure 2: Limpets Number of Limpets in Sector Metres from Shore (M) As seen in figure one, percentage of cover of green algae in each transect sector decreased the further from shore we travelled, and closer to the low tide mark. This is a clear example of an organism’s ability to thrive depending on its position in the boulder area. ThisShow MoreRelatedMarine Ecosystem1607 Words   |  7 Pagesviews on global warming, the fact remains that humans have an impact on the marine ecosystems through waste from chemicals and debris polluting this vast renewable resource. Based upon current scientific evidence, emissions of greenhouse gases from human activities are projected to cause significant global climate change during the 21st century. 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It210 Final Free Essays

IT 210-Final Currency Conversion Program Florence Sanders IT/210 Fundamentals of Programming with Algorithms and Logic September 16, 2012 Ed Addison Application-Level Requirements List 1. User screen that prompts user 2. Display prompts main user title screen 3. We will write a custom essay sample on It210 Final or any similar topic only for you Order Now Main user screen provides short description explaining use of program 4. Calculations of currency is executed with valid inputs 5. Provides option to clear input fields Input| Process| Output| Currency TypeCurrency AmountExchange Rate| Get user input| Currency Type Currency Amount| Currency Type| Foreign Exchange Currency | Currency Type| Enter currency amount| Calculate total| Currency Amount| Foreign Currency amount | Convert to US dollar| US currency amount| Currency TypeCurrency AmountExchange Rate| Display results| Conversion of foreign currency into US Dollars| Main Module Main Module Display_Resluts Module Display_Resluts Module Get_Int_Value Module Get_Int_Value Module Display_Menu Module Display_Menu Module Convert_Currency Module Convert_Currency Module Control Flow Diagram—Main Control ———————————————— Begin Display Menu Quit ? Provide exit message Display Menu Yes No Convert Currency Display results End Begin Display Menu Quit ? Provide exit message Display Menu Yes No Convert Currency Display results End ———— Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Control Flow Diagram—Display Menu Begin Selection menu Valid selection ? Error 4 : Invalid menu selection No Yes End Quit ? Yes Provide exit menu Quit Verified ? Yes Take selection from user Get_Int_Value No Conversion Verified ? No Yes No Begin Selection menu Valid selection ? Error 4 : Invalid enu selection No Yes End Quit ? Yes Provide exit menu Quit Verified ? Yes Take selection from user Get_Int_Value No Conversion Verified ? No Yes No | Control Flow Diagram—Get_Int_Value Tell user to enter number Tell user to enter number Take input from user Take input from user Error message Error message Error message Error message | Control Flow Diagram—Convert Currency French ? French ? Japanese? ? Japanese? ? Mexican? Mexican? Begin Canadian ? Rate=Canadian Rate English ? No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Rate =Mexican rate Rate=pound rate Rate=Japanese rate Rate = French Rate Rate = 0 . 0 US Value = Rate*Int_Value End Begin Canadian ? Rate=Canadian Rate English ? No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Rate =Mexican rate Rate=pound rate Rate=Japanese rate Rate = French Rate Rate = 0 . 0 US Value = Rate*Int_Value End | Control Flow Diagram—Display_Results Nation=French Currency=Francs Nation=French Currency=Francs Nation=Japanese Currency=Yen Nation=Japanese Currency=Yen Nation=English Currency=Pound Nation=English Currency=Pound Nation=Mexican Currency=Pesos Nation=Mexican Currency=Pesos Japanese ? Japanese ? English ? ? English ? ? Mexican ? Mexican ? Canadian ? Canadian ? Invalid Selection Invalid Selection | Final Project Currency Conversion Psuedocode Main Module Declare selection as integer Declare currency Type as Integer Declare international Value as real Declare US Value as real Do while user wants to continue Display Menu Get International Value Convert Currency Display Results End Loop Print exit message End Main Module Display Menu Declare continue as Boolean Set continue = true While continue = true Display â€Å"Welcome to the international currency conversion program† Display â€Å"Please make a selection† Display â€Å"international Currency Types:† Display â€Å"1: Canadian Dollars† Display â€Å"2: Mexican Pesos† Display†3: English Pounds† Display â€Å"4: Japanese Yen† Display â€Å"5: French Francs† Display â€Å"6: Quit: Display â€Å"Enter a selection:†; Input Currency Type If Currency Type = 1 AND currency Type = 5 then Set continue = false Else if currency Type = 6 Display â€Å"Quitting Currency Conversion† Continue = false Else Display â€Å"Error 1: Invalid menu selection. † Continue = true End If End While End Display Menu Get International Value Declare value as integer Declare continue as Boolean Set continue = true While continue = true Display â€Å"Enter a currency value (positive number): † Input international Value if international Value 0 AND international Value =(NNN) NNN- NNNNthen continue = false else Displayâ€Å"†Error 2: Invalid input–Negative Number† continue = true end if end while End Get International Value Convert Currency Declare rate as real Select Case of currency Type case 1: Set rate = 1. 4680 case 2: Set rate = 9. 5085 case 3: Set rate = 1. 6433 case 4: Set rate =(NNN) NNN-NNNN case 5: Set rate = 6. 2561 default: Set rate = 0. 0 End Case US Value = rate * international Value End Convert Currency Display Results Declare nation as string Declare currency as string Select Case of currency Type case CANADIAN: nation = â€Å"Canadian†; currency = â€Å"Dollars†; case MEXICAN: nation = â€Å"Mexican†; currency = â€Å"Pesos†; case ENGLISH: nation = â€Å"English†; currency = â€Å"Pounds†; case JAPANESE: nation = â€Å"Japanese†; currency = â€Å"Yen†; case FRENCH: nation = â€Å"French†; currency = â€Å"Francs†; default: nation = â€Å"No country†; currency = â€Å"†; End Case if currency â€Å"† then Display â€Å"The value of â€Å", international Value, â€Å" â€Å" , nation, â€Å" â€Å", currency, â€Å" is â€Å", US Value, â€Å" dollars† lse Display â€Å"Error3: Invalid Selection. † end if End Display Results Test Cases Display Menu Test Cases Test Case 1: Valid Menu Selection = Canadian Dollars In puts: Menu Selection = 1 Expected Outputs: â€Å"Do you want to continue with the conversion, Y = Yes, N = No† Currency type = 1 Test Case 2: Valid Menu Selection = Quit Inputs: Menu Selection = 6 Expected Outputs: â€Å"Do you want to Quit, Y = Yes, N = No† Currency type = 1 Test Case 3: Invalid Menu Selection = 9 Inputs: Menu Selection = 9 Expected Outputs: â€Å"Error 4: Please make a valid menu selection† â€Å"Hit any character or number to continue† Menu is redisplayed Get_Int_Value Test Test Case 1: Valid International Value = 100. 0 Inputs: 100. 0 Expected Outputs: International Value = 100. 0 Test Case 2: Valid International Value = 0. 0 Inputs: 0. 0 Expected Outputs: International Value = 00. 0 Test Case 3: Invalid International Value = -15 Inputs: -15 Expected Outputs: Error 1: Invalid input—Negative Number Strike any character or numeric key to continue Test Case 4: Illegal International value = character input Input: †L† Expected Outputs: Error 2: Illegal Input, Strike any character or numeric key to continue Convert Currency Test Test Case 1: Valid International Currency = Canadian Inputs: Currency type = 1 International value = 100. 0 Expected Output US value = 68. 12 Test Case 2: Valid International Currency = Mexican Inputs: Currency type = 2 International value = 100. 0 Expected Output US value = 10. 52 Test Case 3: Valid International Currency = English Inputs: Currency_Type = 3 Int_Value = 100. 0 Expected Output US_Value = 164. 83 Test Case 4: Valid International Currency = Japanese Inputs: Currency_Type = 4 Int_Value = 100. 0 Expected Output US_Value = 0. 95 Test Case 5: Valid International Currency = French Inputs: Currency_Type = 5 Int_Value = 100. 0 Expected Output US_Value = 15. 98 Test Case 6: Invalid International Currency = 6 Inputs: Currency_Type = 6 Int_Value = 100. 0 Expected Output US_Value = 0. 0 Display Results Test Cases Test Case 1: Valid International Currency = Canadian Inputs: Currency_Type = 1 Int_Value = 100. 0 US_Value = 68. 12 Expected Output The value of 100. 0 Canadian dollars is 68. 12 US dollars Test Case 2: Valid International Currency = Mexican Inputs: Currency_Type = 2 Int_Value = 100. 0 US_Value = 10. 52 Expected Output The value of 100. 0 Mexican Pesos is 10. 52 US Dollars Test Case 3: Valid International Currency = English Inputs: Currency_Type = 3 Int_Value = 100. 0 US_Value = 164. 83 Expected Output The value of 100. 0 English pounds is 164. 33 US dollars Test Case 4: Valid International Currency = Japanese Inputs: Currency_Type = 4 Int_Value = 100. 0 US_Value = 0. 95 Expected Output The value of 100. 0 Japanese Yes is 0. 94 US dollars Test Case 5: Valid International Currency = French Inputs: Currency_Type = 5 Int_Value = 100. 0 US_Value = 15. 98 Expected Output The value of 100. 0 French Francs is 15. 98 US dollars Test Case 6: Invalid International Currency = 6 Inputs: Currency_Type = 6 Int_Value = 100. 0 US_Value = 0. 0 Expected Output Error 5: Invalid Currency Type Currency Conversion Integration Test Test Case 1: Valid Selection = Canadian Inputs: Currency_Type = 1 Int_Value = 100. 0 US_Value = 68. 12 Expected Output The value of 100. 0 Canadian dollars is 68. 12 US dollars Test Case 2: Valid Selection = Quit Inputs: Currency_Type = 6 Continue = †n† Expected Output Thank you for using the Currency Conversion Program Test Case 3: Illegal Currency Amount Inputs: Currency_Type = 1 Int_Value = †L† Outputs Error 2: Illegal Input Strike any character or numeric key to continue How to cite It210 Final, Papers

Threats To Auditors Independence

Question: Discuss about the Threats To Auditors Independence. Answer: Threat of Intimidation and Advocacy In this case, Clarke Johnson (auditor firm) is politely threatened by its client Luxury Travel Holidays (LTH) that if Geoff (audit partner of CJ) does not promote its business at an upcoming seminar, then CJ will not be reappointed as the auditor. This is a clear threat of intimidation because LTH is imposing a forced reappointment cancellation to deprive CJ to undertake subsequent audits and hence hurting its revenues indirectly. If CJ agrees to the terms of LTH, then this poses a serious threat to its independence as the auditor of LTH. Firstly, providing such non-audit services is not justifiable, and if Geoff does promote LTH, then it leads to advocacy threat (Flood, 2017). Consequences Due to this risk the audit firm will be discouraged from acting unbiasedly due to perceived or actual pressures, including efforts to exercise unwarranted influence over CJ and Geoff. Moreover, if Geoff agrees to promote LTHs business as unduly asked by the client, then there will be a threat that CJ and Geoff will expand LTHs business to the extent that their objectivity gets compromised. Shareholders will find it difficult to trust the audit reports, and CJs reputation of an independent auditor will be at stake (Flood, 2017). Safeguards Refuse to accept the offer Refuse to accept reappointment until the condition is not eliminated Refuse to stand for reappointment Threat of Self-Interest LTHs offer of free expensive holiday package to Geoff and another member of the team gives birth to a threat of self-interest to objectivity as the gift might influence the judgment of CJ in favor of LTH. In assessing how significance is this threat, issues like the monetary value and nature of gift, and the hospitality offered to Geoff and another member, plus the motive behind the proposal needs to be considered (Gray and Manson, 2007). Consequences The threat in the current scenario of any financial or another type of interest is likely to sway the professional accountants objectivity, judgment and behaviour inappropriately. LTHs intention behind such expensive gifts is also made explicit by the company. They want the next year audit to be smooth. This is indirect bribery which if accepted by CJ which impair the objectivity of their audit report. This is because receiving the gifts would form a familiarity which will lead to self-interest threat (Gray and Manson, 2007). Safeguards: Refusing to accept the holiday package apparently Ask LTH not to extend such gifts and hospitality treatments in future Creating a policy that will restrict any member of the audit team to receive any kind of unreasonable gifts and will restrict the client to extend any such absurd Threat of Self-Interest, Familiarity and Intimidation Close personal ties among audit team members and an employee or owner of the client firm is likely to result in threats of self-interest, familiarity and intimidation to objectivity as that member of the audit team will not be appropriately skeptical of, and is likely to be sympathetic toward the employee with whom he/she has a relation. In assessing the significance of the threat present in the case, the seniority of the audit team member and of the clients employee must be considered, because the threat becomes more significant with senior people involved as they have greater influence over these things (Livne, 2011). In the present case, Michael, a fresh accountant who is being contemplated to be on the audit team is related to the client company because his father is the financial controller of LTH. Consequences - The threat of self-interest and familiarity will crop up here in the sense that Michael is not likely to objectively review the accounts because his father is employed at a senior position in the company and that too in the finance department. If any inconsistency with the accounts is found, his fathers job may be at stake. There is also a change that LTH may try to influence Michaels judgment by threatening his father about the future of his job. This will give rise of the threat of intimidation, and all these are likely to induce Michael into giving a favourable report for LTH. He may even try to influence other members of the audit team to do the same (Williams, 2016). Safeguards: Michael must not be made part of the audit team He may help with other accounts work but not the core audit of LTH If Michael is involved in the audit team, then his work should be reviewed to identify discrepancy if any Threat of Complacency, Familiarity, Self-Review and Social Bonding When the auditor becomes too trusting or sympathetic of the client due to a close relationship with the management and employees, then social bonding and familiarity threat is likely to creep in. Familiarity leads to complacency wherein the auditor does not practice scepticism and is too sure that everything with the clients account is accurate. Moreover, when an auditor has to re-assess work done by him/her the threat of self-review emerges because he/she again becomes complacent and does not practice objectivity in reviewing own work (Basu, 2010). The present situation also involves the same case as Annette has worked with LTH and has close relationships with people in the client company. Consequences Due to her close relationships with the client firm and its employees, Annette is likely to be sympathetic to LTHs interests and may be very accepting of their work. Moreover, as she was working with the company till a month ago helping in tax calculations and accounting entries, there is a high probability of the existence of self-review and complacency threat. Resultantly, she may overlook rechecking the tax calculations and account entries, thereby impair her objectivity as an auditor (ACCA, 2012). Safeguards: If Annette is involved in the audit team, then re-checking her work because it is bound to have discrepancies Instructing other audit team members to practice extra scepticism and not become complacent. Cross-checking Annettes last transactions with LTH to ensure she does not have any financial interest in the company anymore and not receiving any unreasonable perks. Business Risks Inherent risks and control risks are the two main business risks that Crampton and Hassan would like to consider in planning the 2015 audit. On purchase of equipment, it is possible that the return on such a huge investment may not seem justifiable at the end of the payback period. Moreover, the equipment might lose its utility after a few years and result in impairment due to non-utilization. This constitutes the inherent risk. Control risk relates to the loss arising out of the inadequacies and incompetence of the companys internal system to effectively manage and protect the assets (Longenecker et al., 2013). Audit Risks Relating to the Business Risks The audit risk pertaining to internal risks is the misstatement of the asset in books of account. It is crucial to identify that the assets are recorded on correct cost basis or not. It must be ensured that the company has capitalized all costs pertaining to the acquisition and continuing use of equipment. Moreover, another audit risk relating to inherent risk is recognition of the complexity of book value computations (Saita, 2010). As far as audit risk in relation to control risk is concerned, it must be made sure that the asset management has been allocated to the correct person and there is sufficient infrastructural backup to support the asset and prevent its wear and tear. References ACCA. 2012. A question of ethics. [pdf]. Available through: https://www.accaglobal.com/content/dam/acca/global/PDF-students/2012s/sa_nov12_p7_ethics.pdf. [Accessed on 22nd April 2017]. Basu., 2010. Fundamentals of Auditing. Pearson Education. Flood, M. J., 2017. Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2017: Covering All SASs, SSAEs, SSARSs, and Interpretations. John Wiley Sons. Gray, I. and Manson, S., 2007. The Audit Process: Principles, Practice and Cases. Cengage Learning EMEA. Livne, G., 2011. Threats to Auditor Independence and Possible Remedies. [Online]. Available through: https://www.financepractitioner.com/auditing-best-practice/threats-to-auditor-independence-and-possible-remedies?full#s4. [Accessed on 22nd April 2017]. Longenecker, G. J., Petty, W., Palich, E. L. and Hoy, F., 2013. Small Business Management. Cengage Learning. Saita, F., 2010. Value at Risk and Bank Capital Management: Risk Adjusted Performances, Capital Management and Capital Allocation Decision Making. Academic Press. Williams, T. L., 2016. The Impact of Disclosing Auditor Independence and Tenure on Non-professional Investor Judgment and Decision-making.

Macromolecules Essay Example

Macromolecules Essay The four macromolecules that are essential to life are Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It provides energy for the body, especially the brain and the nervous system. The food sources are in sugar and grains. Lipids Lipids are made up of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen. It provides Energy storage, acting as structural components of cell membranes, and hormone production. The food sources are in fatty acids, dairy, and trygycerols. Proteins Proteins are made up of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon. It provides energy storage, basic building blocks of living things and is responsible for the growth and repair of body cells and tissues. The food sources are in vegetables, meats, and grains. Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids are made up of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and phosphorous. It stores and transmits genetic material and Synthesis of Proteins. The food sources are seafood, nuts, vegetables, mushrooms, yeast, beef, broths and, soups. a casdvkpasdJvbdsakvJbnivJbdskvJadbfsvipqeubvsdoJVNBAD;FKBJVADF;KBVAD;KFBJVFJ Protelns are mace up 0T nyorogen, oxygen, nitrogen ana caroon. It prov10es energy It stores ana transmlts genetlc materlal ana syntnesls 0T Proteins. I n sources Nucleic AclOs are mace up 0T oxygen, nltrogen, caroon, nyarogen, ana pnospnorous. We will write a custom essay sample on Macromolecules specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Macromolecules specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Macromolecules specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Karma Essay Example

Karma Essay Example Karma Essay Karma Essay Karma Karma moves in two directions. If we act virtuously, the seed we plant will result in happiness. If we act non-virtuously suffering results, said Saying Mayhap. I believe that Karma does exist and if you act a certain way towards others and yourself it will reflect on whats going to happen to you in the future. I believe that all your actions have an outcome whether they are good or bad. I think that if an individual believes in Karma they think things through more carefully and have more of a responsibility to act respectful towards other people. Karma has had a direct impact in my life. Eve seen this directly affect me in areas of hard work, respect, honesty and friendship. A hard worker is one who is industrious and diligent in carrying out tasks and duties. I believe that my dad is a very hard worker and everything that he has done throughout his life has gotten him to where he is today. My dad is the type of person who doesnt give up and finishes what he starts without hesitation. In this situation, my dads Karma is obvious; he works hard for what he wants, he doesnt expect hinges to be handed to him and in return his hard work has provided a beautiful home, a cabin up north, and a secure life for our family and a future for him and my mom in their retirement. I admire his work ethic and know that everything he has earned is because of his hard work. As I grew up as a kid I was raised to have respect for my peers, authority, and myself. I learned that once you give respect to someone, they give you respect back. When I was in high school there seemed to be more drama than usual. It Just so happened that this group of girls didnt like me. They were always rude, said mean things and didnt think before they spoke and I was often hurt by their remarks. Although I wanted to say things back to them Just so they could hurt like they were hurting me, I remembered the saying, what goes around, comes around and I wanted to be the bigger person and not say anything to them at all and Just let it go. I believed in Karma enough Just to keep my negative words to myself and continue to work at being kind. I knew that one day they would feel the way that they made me feel and my hope was they would learn to respect people the way they should. Being an honest person is always the best thing to do. I was also raised to be honest about things and not lie. If I ever did anything wrong, I was told to admit my wrong doing, apologize, and move on. One day my mom had bought new coasters for our tables in the basement. She was so excited because they matched really well. I had my friend Adrian over and we were messing around and I had fell into the table and the coasters fell onto the cement and broke. I hurried up to get the pieces to horror them in the trash, but then I thought about it and decided that lying wasnt worth getting in trouble for because it would come back ten times worse. When I had told my mom the truth, she wasnt mad that I had broken them and she was proud of me for telling the truth. For a teenager friendship is one of the most important things. You always want someone who is going to be reliable, honest and trustworthy. I thought I had that type AT Eternal out I was proved wrong. One clay something Log napped to me Ana I had to tell one of my best friends about it. When I told her my secret I asked that she didnt tell anyone and of course she agreed and said yes, so I believed her. A few weeks later the secret I had told her came right back to me from other people. I felt betrayed because I had so much trust into this person and she told people about what happened to me. I decided that I couldnt trust her anymore so I wasnt going to be her friend. I believe that Karma affected her because she lost a friend over something she knew she shouldnt have done. Also because now people know that he is not very trustworthy so it will take her a long time to earn anyones trust. I believe that Karma will affect everyone at some point in their lives. Although many people believe that is it the underhanded people or dishonest people that get what they want but I disagree and believe that they will get what they deserve. People who lie and cheat the system will always get caught. People, who treat others badly, will also get treated that way and people who disrespect others will inevitably be disrespected. Nothing is ever free or easy and Karma can either be your friend or your enemy.

Hot Career Trucking Dispatcher

Hot Career Trucking Dispatcher though trucking is one of the most in-demand professions today due to the increasing demands of local shipping needs, the newest, shiniest fleet of big rigs can’t run itself- it needs drivers, and just as important, it needs dispatchers! and, as the folks at careersingear.com know, it needs good dispatchers.dispatchers typically have the following responsibilities:arranging loads for pickup and delivery and coordinating with the driversdetermining which truckers and vehicles are appropriate for each load (looking at both vehicle specifications and driver qualifications)determining routes for drivers making multiple stopsscheduling loads by urgencyusing radio/cb, phone and computer to distribute assignmentsgathering data for reports, records, and vehicle logs to compile statisticssome dispatchers work locally or regionally, and others specialize in long-distance hauls- their purview may include coordinating with different forms of transportation, such as barges, planes and trac tor-trailers.a great dispatcher will also be good with people, have a cool head in a stressful situation, be well-organized and efficient, focused and flexible, and be prepared to adapt quickly to changes on the job. as of may 2014, the job salary ranges from $38k to $60k a year, depending on employer and the specialized responsibilities of the individual dispatchers.the majority of dispatchers can be found in california, texas, new york, florida, and illinois. 80% of dispatchers have their high school diploma or ged; there is no college course of study, but you can sign up for specific training program or train on the job. plenty of truckers recommend gaining some experience on the road before stepping behind the mic- it’ll build your credibility and provide valuable situational expertise.apply here:  top trucking dispatcher jobs  salary and job outlook of dispatchers for trucking companiesread more at news.careersingear.com

INTERNSHIP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

INTERNSHIP - Essay Example I did get in touch with (name of the person) concerning the issue of internship in (company name). Who briefed me on the need to have a Human Resource Generalist so as to enhance customer services and relations between patients and the staff. During the internship, I would have to perform the following tasks in order to gain the required knowledge. First, I would strive to improve the client staff relation with each other. I would also ensure that we provide quality services to the customers every time. I would also channel for the advocacy of patients with an aim of improving medical providence in the hospitals. My supervisor during the internship period would be (name of the person). He or she would ensure that I carry out my actions as per the guidelines through the evaluation he will submit to my educational institution. The internship is quite beneficial to me as it will help me gain the knowledge and experience of a healthcare administrator in the future. I will utilize the skills acquired from my internship once I complete my studies at the university. It will be upon me to ensure that the relations between the customer and the hospital personnel has improved. The right form of communication will be used whenever passing on information from one section to the other. Would also ensure that the services offered by the company have risen to a considerable level. Together with Master’s degree, I also have other educational qualifications that give me an upper hand in the above-described job opportunity. I graduated from the Gardner-Webb University College Boiling Springs, NC with a Bachelor degree of Science in Health Care Management in December 2012. Personality is vital in the medical field to enhance the success. I am confident of my communication skills both in written and verbal form thus making it easier for me to communicate efficiently with the patients. I also have the

State and Local Government Corruption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

State and Local Government Corruption - Essay Example A key focus involved troubling examples where organized crime has capitalized on the presence of municipal corruption. What constitutes corruption differs depending on the country or jurisdiction. Certain political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another (Political Corruption 2005). In some countries, police and prosecutors have broad discretion over whom to arrest and charge and the line between discretion and corruption can be difficult to draw, as in racial profiling. In countries with strong interest group politics, practices that could easily constitute corruption elsewhere are sometimes sanctified as official group preferences (Political Corruption 2005). Corruption is hard to minimize because it involves confidentiality and too often encounters public acceptance. Investigations have become hard and multifaceted. Investigators must conquer outdated attitudes in the midst of many truthful public officials and private citizens that whistle blowing is useless or even unsafe (Local Government 1992, pg. 7). ... 8). However, State legislation is no good if government officials in practice do not support it.Corruption is particularly widespread in the local government construction projects. Just recently, a major engineering firm that has given $3 million in campaign contributions over the past 25 years and New Jersey has decided it will no longer donate to politicians (Jackson 2005). The on-line database of the Election Law Enforcement Commission(ELEC) lists 1,205 contributions from the firm and its employees, worth nearly $3 million, since 1981 (Jackson 2005). The real total is larger, because ELEC's database does not include contributions to municipal candidates and committees or contributions to federal candidates, who have also benefited from Schoor DePalma's generosity (Jackson 2005). A search of the FEC's Web site, which tracks federal campaign contributions, turned up at least $150,000 in the past five years from the company (Jackson 2005). Schoor DePalma's contributions peaked in 200 3, when the ballot included candidates for all 120 seats in the New Jersey Legislature (Jackson 2005). Corruption such as this should be condemned. Such corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government as procedures are ignored, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. At the same time, corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance (Political Corruption 2005). Corruption also lowers fulfillment with construction, environmental, or other rules, reduces the quality of government services and infrastructure, and increases budgetary pressures on

Research on adolescent girls who attend different schools Essay Example for Free

Research on adolescent girls who attend different schools Essay The study consists of research on adolescent girls who attend four different schools. These researchers emphasis on social behavior would be reflected in both quantitative and qualitative measures. The research question ‘Is social experiences are central to the adolescent experience in girls. The hypothesis is social experiences are central to the adolescent experience in girls. The methods the study consists of are orientation session at school that day for the girls who participate in the study. Then they were told that via email to go to study’s website and complete the forms. The girls were given instructions to complete the activities questionnaire and the writing sample online. They are given till 8:00pm that night to complete the online forms after school. There were two measurements or instruments that were used in the study, Activity assessment online and writing sample online. The activity assessment online was revised of Passmore and French’s (1998)Lessure questionnaire/revised for their age group. Example from the article was leisure turned into activities less common modified to tell or describe their activities for that particular day (Feyberg, 2009). The activity assessment consisted of three domains, sense of accomplishment often through competition or a personal challenge (achievement activities). The second domain is those that are social in nature (social activities). Lastly, the third domain is that promotes relaxation and is often solitary (relaxation activities) (Feyberg, 2009). The participants were allowed to report up to ten activities for each domain. Then they had to tell the three they spent the most time doing, most enjoyed, most meaningful, and how much they engaged in the activity. Then they were to rate them from 1 to 5. This scale that was used is known as the five point Likert Scale from 1 is being less than 30 minutes and 5 being more than four hours (Feyberg, 2009). Then they were added up to a maximum points of 15 per domain. Participants reported their enjoyment of up to three achievement, social, relaxation activities on a 4 point Liker Scale from 1 (not enjoyable) and four (very enjoyable) for a maximum of 12 points per domain. The next one is degree of meaningful based points of Likert Scale 1 (not meaningful) and 4 (very meaningful). The last one is to choose if they are engaged in certain activities. They would mark 1 if they were engaged in it and 0 if they are not engaged in it for a maximum of three points (Feyberg, 2009). The second  activity is a writing assessment written online. Previous research proves that words use convey extensive information about social and emotional processes. The writing samples would provide meaningful information about personal experience and not to be captured by self- report scales. Writing examples is to be written on a website by the author for the study. They were to think about a personal experience that you participated and have a good recollection of (Feyberg, 2009). The written sample is was needed to be a descriptive of the experience include feelings and could write as much as they wanted. The written sample examines different in affiliation, achievement, or power themes. Each theme was composed of four subcategories and if the written sample contained at least one of them, it was awarded one point and if all three was in the sample then four points were awarded (Feyberg, 2009). The three themes were afflication, achievement, and narratives. Afflication consisted of four subcategories, positive effect, dialogue, commitments, and surrender of code. Achievement theme consisted of achievement imagery, anticipating success, world block, and negative feelings. Narratives theme consisted of general power imagery, increased prestige, lower prestige, and effect. Particapants consisted of 57 adolescent girls who attended four different schools. They ranged from ages 11 to 19 years of age and in grades from 6th to 12th. The girls age ranged from 12 girls; 11 to 13 (early adolescent), 22 girls; 14-16 (middle adolescent), 23; 17 to 19 (late adolescent). 49 describe themselves as white, 4 as African American, 2 as other, and 1 as Hispanic (Feyberg, 2009). The results were evualted by ANOVA. ANOVA showed significant differences for reported time, enjoyment, meaningfulness, and choice in achievement, social, and relaxation activities. Follow up contrast demonstrated spent more time in achievement then relaxation. The trend for spending more time in social then relaxation. No significant different in achievement and social. Employment results showed significant main effect found. Follow up reported greater enjoyment in relaxation then achievement. Reports show higher levels of enjoyment in social than in achievement. No significant differences in the amount of enjoyment reports for social and relaxation. Meaningfulness results show higher levels of achievement than social activities. No reports for meaningfulness for social and relaxation. Significance of social behavior in adolescent girls by the use of two  methods, self-reports, and narrative analysis. Recalling social behavior for adolescent girls, the two methods, which were diffe rent in their approaches to understanding adolescent experiences. Although it was predicted that both methods would provide similar information about adolescent social experience. According to the narrative analysis demonstration that participated used more afflication themes than achievement or power theme. the strengths of the experiment was too asked to describe a personal experience, so researches could identify their narratives. The weakness is that they only test this on girls. The limitations of the study were that they examine one gender due to likelihood of an invalid across-group comparison.† Study demonstrated that quantities and qualitative methods were not significantly correlated with one another (Feyberg, 2009). One suggestion I could say would benefit is examine this same study on boys. Reference Freyberg, R. (2009). Quantitive and Qualitive Measures of Behavior in Adolescent Girls. Adolescene, 44(173),33-54.

Explanation, Understanding, and Subjectivity Essay -- Philosophy Philo

Explanation, Understanding, and Subjectivity ABSTRACT: Many theorists of explanation from Hempel onward have worked with the explicit or implicit assumption that considerations of the subjective sense of understanding should be kept out of the formulation of a proper theory of explanation. They claim that genuine understanding of an event comes only from being in an appropriate cognitive relation to the true explanation of that event. I argue that considerations of the subjective sense of understanding cannot be completely removed from the process of formulating and justifying an acceptable theory of explanation. Although understanding is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition for an explanation, understanding is necessary as an initial guide to the nature of explanation. The widespread method of providing counterexamples for criticizing theories of explanation presupposes that there is a neutral method of identifying at least some clear cases of explanation and some clear cases of non-explanations. I argue that the only plausible method to fill this role relies essentially on the subjective sense of understanding. Objective validation of judgments about explanatoriness comes only through a complex process of social correction of our initial intuitive judgments regarding explanation. It is clear that understanding and explanation are related. It is unclear exactly how they are related. We speak both of explaining-why and understanding-why some event occurred. Explanations typically produce understanding in those who consider them, and the sense of increased understanding typically comes from consideration of an explanation. Consideration of an explanation can, however, fail to produce in someone an increased level o... ...3-256. Reprinted in Explanation, ed. David Hillel-Ruben, 160-181. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. 1989. "Explanation and Metaphysical Controversy." In Scientific Explanation, ed. Philip Kitcher and Wesley C. Salmon, 220-252. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Salmon, Wesley C. 1970. "Statistical Explanation." In The Nature and Function of Scientific Theories, ed. Robert G. Colondy, 173-231. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. Reprinted in Salmon et al. (1971). Salmon, Wesley C. 1984. Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Salmon, Wesley C., with Richard C. Jeffrey and James G. Greeno. 1971. Statistical Explanation and Statistical Relevance. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. van Fraassen, Bas. 1980. The Scientific Image. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Quality Management and Customer Satisfaction

Wal-Mart’s Strategic Quality Management and Customer Satisfaction One organization that has become successful in many aspects of satisfaction and quality is Wal-Mart. This organization started out providing basic products to customers during certain hours of the day and evening, and then expanded the become Wal-Mart Supercenters by also providing groceries and becoming a 24-hour establishment. By making these changes in their organization, Wal-Mart has provided superior satisfaction to both its internal and external customers. To better understand Wal-Mart’s level of quality and customer satisfaction, Learning Team C has conducted a SWOT analysis of the organization, developed a vision and mission statement, and created strategic plans and objectives for the organization. SWOT Analysis Strengths Wal-Mart has a great deal of strengths which is apparent due to their incredible success throughout the years. Wal-Mart has mastered the process of production, movement of goods, warehousing of goods, ensuring goods arrives on time at the right place, and for a cheap price. Wal-Mart’s foundation was built upon understanding, identifying, and knowing exactly what customers want from their retailer and having this information has contributed to their tremendous success. Wal-Mart is a powerful retail brand which has the reputation for providing a wide range of products all in one store, value for money, and convenience. Weakness Wal-Mart has a weakness that shapes not only their image, but the livelihood of people in many communities. In many places when a new Wal-Mart comes to their community most small retailers are forced out of business due to the retail giant. There are many moral customers, who are concerned with the interests of the smaller retailers. This concern quickly turns to anger when they see Wal-Mart’s monopolizing capability that has gained strength in the past few decades. Because of these issues there are many people who refuse to shop at a Wal-Mart; they become anti-Wal-Mart shoppers. Unfortunately, this weakness according to some has taken a toll on Wal-Mart’s stock prices as well. Also, in the past several years Wal-Mart has had to fight several high law suits which have also affected their image in the general public’s eye. Opportunities It would be ideal for Wal-Mart to take advantages of the opportunities to improve in the behaviors that they have been heavily criticized in by the public. Wal-Mart has the opportunity to use its resources to help our world improve its environment. The environmental programs that Wal-Mart supports have the potential to receive tremendous results because it has such a large image. In their overseas locations Wal-Mart has been worried with child labor laws, so they have been paying very close attention to its supplier’s labor practices by enforcing stricter policies. Being the largest employer in the United States, Wal-Mart is taking advantage of the opportunity by providing its employees with a new health care plan that will increase their benefits. If Wal-Mart makes a continued effort to resolve these concerns they will ultimately increase their market share and improve their public image. Threats Dollar General discount stores are growing rapidly in the United States. Unfortunately for Wal-Mart, these stores have the ability to open in smaller communities where there would not be enough business to support Wal-Mart’s sales quota. Dollar Generals deep discount threatens and competes greatly with Wal-Mart’s claims of having the lowest price. Wal-Mart has to continue to work hard to compete in times of ambiguity. Many of Wal-Mart’s customers are slightly affected by the economy therefore it has an advantage being it offers low prices in times of recession that appeal to its customers. However, the attempts made by the government to stimulate the economy are not directly felt by Wal-Mart’s customers. This increasingly threats Wal-Mart’s sales and vitality. Vision and Mission Statement Wal-Mart bases it operations on integrity and customer satisfaction. In order to uphold these two main objectives Wal-Mart has developed a vision and mission statement along with guiding principles that incorporate quality principles. Wal-Mart’s mission statement is to maintain the highest quality in products and customer service, while treating its employees like family. In order to incorporate values and principles within the organization, Wal-Mart strives to always maintain a high level of loyalty to both its customers and its employees. To stay loyal to both customers and employees, Wal-Mart uses core values such as integrity, loyalty, top service, equality, and honesty. Wal-Mart’s vision is to uphold these values and principles to keep a large flow of customers into their stores throughout the country. Wal-Mart believes that in order to keep satisfied customers and employees, the organization has to present high quality products and low prices, and show both customer and employee appreciation at all times. To ensure this vision stays intact, Wal-Mart has open suggestions boards open to stay informed on what its customers and employees would like to see within their stores. Wal-Mart believes that the public and their employee family have a right to have the best products and services to help them live their daily lives. Strategic Plan and Strategic Objectives With Wal-Mart being one of the leading retail industries around, it’s very important for their customer service to be top notch, to keep the customers coming back and keep them satisfied. A goal for Wal-Mart is to expand very rapidly and to expand everywhere outside the United States. That’s why Wal-Mart has been able to stay at the forefront during these economic times. Wal-Mart has become a monopoly due to the products they sell and the wide array of choice they offer for the customer. Not only do they sell furniture, clothes, electronics, etc. , they are also now expanding to a grocery store, they also house other businesses. Every Wal-Mart is different, some house salons, eyeglass stores, other eateries. Wal-Mart strives to continually have quality goods but sell them at lower prices than any other stores; they do this by buying products in bulk that way it’s possible to sell to the consumer at the lower prices. Wal-Mart continually strives to advance farther than its competitors by keeping up with the latest technology, but keeping them at prices the public can afford and is willing to pay. The only thing Wal-Mart needs to keep up on is keeping customer service at the top of its list of things to improve upon. Besides the low prices, and the selection of goods, quality customer service is one of the factors that will keep the consumers coming back. Wal-Mart uses different innovated tools in order to keep their customer satisfaction high. One of their main tools is keeping their prices low. This is accomplished by using a system that is set in place by Cisco. This system is based on questions, as stated by David Flanagin (n. d. ): â€Å"Will it help us lower prices,† executives ask. â€Å"How will it improve the customer's experience? So the selection of a communications infrastructure from Cisco was part of a Wal-Mart plan to make things better for customers. â€Å"At Wal-Mart, we don't implement technology for its own sake,† â€Å"It has to have a payback that helps the customer. † A friendly employee is another tool Wal-Mart uses to keep their customers satisfied. This is accomplished through keeping their employees satisfied. Having available stock and other resour ces on hand allows their employees to have what they require at their disposal and this makes both the employees happy and also their customers. Wal-Mart uses tools such as having every product available from clothing, electronics, pharmacy, and groceries. They are open 24 hours a day which is a great tool for everyone. Wal-Mart can measure their success in maintaining customer satisfaction through the on-line network that Cisco provides for them. They are now the largest retailer with more than 2400 stores and 100 distribution centers. Inventory management is a very successful tool used that help keep prices low. With global markets and retailers the internet has been an important part of keeping customers and allowing for replenishment of products on a consistent and at a low cost. References Flanagin, David. N.D. Cisco – Retail Customer Success Stories, The Wal-Mart Story Using Internet Technology to Support Everyday Low Prices and Increased Customer Satisfaction. Retrieved from www.cisco.com. Retrieved on December 5, 2010. Cramer, J. J.  (2005).  Wakeup Walmart.com.  United Food and Commercial Workers International Union.  Retrieved from http://www.wakeupwalmart.com/news/20050817-rmcom.html. Marketing Teacher Ltd..  (2010).  Marketing Teacher.com.  Retrieved from http://www.marketingteacher.com/swot/walmart-swot.html.

Marketing Environmental Analysis

PEST, SWOT and Porter’s five forces analysis are three very useful tools for both identifying the threats and opportunities in general and competitive environment and setting up company’s marketing strategy. What are PEST, SWOT and Porter’s five forces and their usefulness. PEST is an acronym for political, economic, social and technologic. 1. The political area has huge impact on the operation of the firms(e. g. tax, business law, political stability) 2. The economic condition can also directly influence the general performance of the company(e. g. conomy depression, interest rate, exchange rate, inflation rate) 3. As for social factors, by fundamentally determining the target market, it can also be essential for the success or failure of strategies. (e. g. religion, culture, demographic issue) 4. Finally, the technological factors are becoming the majority for mostly organization, which can increasing the benefit as well as decreasing the time and cost. (e. g. the pace of technologies change, incentive of technology) Usually prior to competing SWOT, PEST helps to spot the four elements for better understanding the macroenvironment faced by firms. After analyzing the four factors, it is important for company to identify the key drivers for change, thus focus on that to shape its strategies. Meanwhile, by scanning the general environment, co. can therefore also detect weak signals that make the discontinuity of the environment, which may fundamentally change the competitive environment (Johnson et al, 2011). Ginter and Duncan (1990) argue that macro-environment analysis can act as an early-warning system by giving org. time to anticipate opportunities and threats and develop appropriate response. SWOT is structured planned method used to evaluated strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats. By using matching and converting, company can either find or develop their competitive advantages. Matching is used to find competitive advantages by matching the strengths to opportunities. Converting is to apply conversion strategies to convert weaknesses or threats into strengths or opportunities. Porter's five forces analysis is a framework for industry analysis and business strategy development formed by Michael E. Porter at 1979. More precise than PEST, it helps the industrial organization to illustrate the competition intensity in competitive environment (microenvironment) thus decide the attractiveness of specific market. Combining three analysis In corporate strategies level, all three of them can be used to audit the marketing environment in order to get a systematic, critical and unbiased appraisal of its operation. (where is the co. now, where does the co. want to go and how should the co. rganize its resources to get there) In business strategy level, it also important that because of the increasingly rate of change in market environment, three of the analysis need to achieve contingent approach to shape the strategies to avoid overcome by competitors. Example: PEST e. g. construction firm: operating on narrow profit margin, react to change I interest rate. Johnson &Johnson: baby-care product, react to change in birth rate, thus change the target market to adult female(being kind and gentle to woman’s skin as well as that of babies) SWOT A consultancy firm S: Reputation, expertise W: Unable to deal with multi-disciplinary assignments because of size or lack of ability O: Well established position with a well defined market niche T: Other small consultancies looking to invade the marketplace Five forces Coca-cola: Present a detailed analysis of the various positioning strategies that may be pursued by a firm (20 marks). What are the keys to successful positioning (30 marks)? 1. Positioning is to shape the org. o suits the preferences of customers and lead to high consumer loyalty thus building a powerful brand. 2. Market mix, perceptual map 3. There are two levels of positioning strategies: a. Business level strategies (Brand positioning) Business level strategies are positioning the org. among other org. It is market oriented and can be either market-wide or directed at a particular market (niche approach). b. Generic business strategies (Porter)— (competitive advantages) 4. Key to successful market positioning a. A well-positioned brand should appeal to the particular needs of a customer segment because a differential advantage proposition is created. b. There are four key dimensions for a successful positioning: Clarity, Consistency (Favorability), Competitiveness (differentiation), Credibility (Explain†¦.. ) c. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of brand-positioning strategies, there are three components we need to consider: intended position, actually position and perceived position. Perceived position is the most important, which will lead to the above-normal performance of the corporate. According to research, benefit positioning and user position is more effective than feature positioning and direct benefit positioning is more effective than indirect benefit positioning (Fuchs et al, 2009). d. To keep the brand equity, repositioning is very important. We need to realize that positioning is a ongoing process. Competitive advantage is positioning of a single offering in relation to a unique set of potential customers and competitors. For an organization to achieve consistently above-normal market performance, it must create a sustainable competitive advantage (Aaker, 1989). The logic of SCA is that a buyer to purchase offering X, the buyer must perceive the expected utility to him of that offering exceeds the value to him of any alternative solution, that is it must create superior value for its customers. The basis of competitive advantage is increasing the benefit receive by the customers or decreasing the cost. Which lead to different strategic focus on either low cost or differentiation (additional product benefits). So competitive advantages can be porter’s generic strategies or market orientation. (explain†¦. )

How to Write Women’s #038; Gender Studies Essay

How to Write Women’s #038; Gender Studies Essay Need advice on how to cope with your tricky Women’s Gender Studies essay? College and university students in the USA who study Humanities and Social Sciences are commonly offered courses in Women’s Gender Studies that are interdisciplinary academic programs which examine cultural and social issues from the gender perspective. The purpose of these courses is to educate students about the importance of gender equity. This discipline originated from the feminist movement and the concept of women’s rights and can be a good addition to an academic plan for any student who is interested in focusing on a career that intersects multiple perspectives of diversity. In this article, you will find a complete step-by-step gender studies essay guide on how to write an impressive Women’s and Gender Studies essay that will help you successfully complete this challenging assignment and impress your professor. Besides, we will provide you with a list of interesting essay topics for your inspiration. But first, let’s discuss what Women’s Gender Studies essay is and how it differs from essays in other academic disciplines. Let’s get started. What Is Women’s Gender Studies Essay? Today, the WGS programs mainly focus on the meanings of gender and sexuality in culture, society, and education as well as politics and everyday life. Students who take such courses have to explore the history and the contribution of women to society and study how the gender influences the lives of men and women. The main goal of these programs is to help students become activists and critical advocates for social justice in a wide variety of professions. When writing Women’s Gender Studies essay, you will need to discuss the problems of women, gender, and sexuality from a cross-cultural and historical perspective. Wondering why this essay is so special? Here is the answer. You will need to explore gender and sexuality using methodologies and analytical tools of a variety of disciplines in the humanities, social sciences, and arts, including sociology, philosophy, psychology, anthropology, political sciences, STS, media studies, history, and literature, among others. You remember that this program is diverse and interdisciplinary, don’t you? You may be assigned to write: a response essay; a narrative essay; a theoretical experience essay; an argumentative essay; a rhetorical analysis essay; a reflective essay etc. As to the citation styles, the common style guides in Women’s Gender studies are APA, MLA, Chicago, and Turabian. The formats of essays can vary greatly and so you will need to follow details about your assignment provided by your instructor. If you have any doubts and need more specific information about types of WGS essays, their formatting, types of evidence, you should consult the traditional academic discipline with which your particular course is associated. How to Choose Women’s Gender Studies Essay Topics? The WGS curriculum focuses on the intersectionality of sexuality and gender with different social categories such as: race; nationality; religion; class; ethnicity; age; ability. Students study diverse topics that they can select for writing their Women’s Gender Studies essays, for example, women in the developing world, gender and technology, violence and human rights, women’s literature, the family, gender and the law, feminist political thought, and more. When deciding what you should write about, it is recommended to choose a topic you are really interested in. Doing research and writing an essay is a time-consuming process but you will work more productively if you stay motivated. Besides, your readers will appreciate your passion and your genuine interest and are more likely to be impressed by your piece of writing. Keep in mind that if your topic is too broad to cover in your essay, you need to narrow it and make it manageable in a limited word count. For example, the topic Women and War is too broad, so you should narrow it down and discuss the ways in which women can be affected by a war conflict or analyze laws that can ensure specific protection for women during wars. You can also describe women’s experiences during particular conflicts. With a broad variety of topics to choose from, making the best decision can be overwhelming. Wondering where you can find interesting ideas for your inspiration? Here they are. Have a look at our short list of amazing Women’s Gender Studies essay topics and feel free to use them for writing your own essays. The Three Waves of Feminism Women Who Had a Huge Impact on the Feminist Movement How Feminism Changed Ireland History of the Feminist Movement in The United States How Does Gender Affect the Communication Style? The Importance of Women’s Literature of the 20th Century Modern Black Women’s Literature How Does Gender Affect Health? Human Trafficking as Modern Slavery Gender Structures in Education Why Do Men Commit More Crimes than Women? Are Assisted Reproductive Technologies Ethical? What Does It Mean to Be A Woman In The Workplace? What Challenges Do Women Leaders Face? Gender and Sexuality In The Modern United States Doing Research When you have chosen a good topic for your Women’s and Gender Studies essay, you have to do an in-depth research of a variety of relevant sources. You can find a lot of tools for research in your university library and in electronic databases. You should use data and primary sources related to Women’s History and Gender Studies such as: women’s letters and diaries; statistics; philosophical texts; historical works; literary works; interviews; popular magazines and newspapers etc. In fact, you can use any source that has a first-hand account of women’s and gender studies. Besides, you should look for ideas in different secondary sources such as articles in scientific journals, critical books, and secondary accounts which provide different opinions on women’s studies in general and on your topic in particular. You can find a lot of evidence to support your argument in artifacts such as new media, video art, graphic design, performance, museum installations, photographs, paintings, drawing, prints, architecture, and sculptures. While doing research, you should take notes of interesting ideas which you can use for citations and paraphrasing in your essay. Make sure you include correct details about the author and the title of the work which you are going to use for writing your paper. It’s important to properly document and clearly cite all the evidence that you include in your Women’s Gender Study essay. So, if you write down all the details about the evidence as you are doing research, you will save a lot of time on citing your sources in the text of your essay and creating a Reference page. The Writing Process When you have gathered enough evidence on your topic, you should use brainstorming techniques to determine the key points that you’ll discuss in your Women’s Gender Studies essay and make a working outline that will guide the writing process and help you stay focused on your argument. Your essay has to demonstrate that you can conduct an effective research and provide a critique of various scholarly sources. You have to show that you can synthesize multi-disciplinary approaches to Women’s Gender Studies and express your thoughts clearly and concisely. A detailed outline will help you achieve these goals. The typical essay structure includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. How to Write an Introduction You should start your introduction with a hook or an attention grabber that will engage your readers. It can be a provocative question, a statistics fact, an anecdote, a funny joke etc. But keep in mind that your hook should be relevant to your topic. After that, you need to introduce your topic by providing the context or the background information and end your introduction with a strong thesis statement. You have to briefly state your point of view in one sentence that will serve as a summary of your argument. When formulating your thesis, you should avoid vague words and be as specific and as clear as possible. In your thesis statement, you need to tell your audience what they should expect from the rest of your essay. You need to make a claim that other people may dispute and organize the evidence in the rest of your essay to convince your readers of the logic of your interpretation. Developing a strong thesis is not an easy thing because you have to gather and organize your evidence, find possible contrasts or similarities between facts, and think why these relationships are important. At first, you have to develop a â€Å"working thesis† that will help you in writing your draft and presenting your argument. Later, you can adjust your thesis and your argument as well. For example, if the topic of your Women’s Gender Studies essay is women’s human rights, your thesis statement may look like this: Gender equality is an important indicator for understanding global well-being and, despite many improvements with women’s rights around the world, numerous issues still exist in all areas of life. Writing Body Paragraphs All essays are made of multiple body paragraphs. Their function is to develop an argument that was outlined in the introduction. The success of your essay will depend on how well you can write and develop your body paragraphs. Each body paragraph covers one major point in the development of the overall argument. You need to state this main point in the topic sentence which is actually a mini-thesis sentence for every paragraph and support your topic sentence with evidence. Each body paragraph consists of 3 sections: A topic sentence tells the reader what main point the paragraph will make; The supporting sentences expand the major idea by providing details and evidence to back it up; A concluding sentence restates the main idea of the paragraph. When writing body paragraphs, you should pay attention to the following important aspects: A clear topic sentence that unifies the paragraph’s content; Relevant evidence or supporting details; Good examples, quotes from experts or/and statistics; Transitions between sentences within paragraphs; A convincing concluding statement. How to Write a Conclusion: Highlights from Our Academic Writers A conclusion is an important part of the Women’s Gender Studies essay that sums up the key points or provides a final perspective on the essay’s topic. There is no set formula you can follow when writing your conclusion. But don’t write too much – just a few strong sentences. You can briefly review the major points without restating them exactly or you can describe your personal views on the topic and your emotions. Besides, you can provide some recommendations for further research. Revising Stage of the Writing Process When you have written the first draft of your Women’s Gender Studies essay, it’s time to start revising your work and make improvements in the content, flow, and logic. You should focus on making the content of your essay clear to your readers. Be ready that you will need to revise your draft several times to ensure that it meets the requirements of your instructor and that you are satisfied with it. You should look at global or large-scale matters of your essay. During this stage, you can rearrange the order of your paragraphs, add some new material, and remove some sentences or even paragraphs to ensure that your argument is clear and concise. Sometimes, you may need to do additional research to find more supporting evidence for your key points. Here are some strategies you can use: Take a break for at least a night before you start revising your essay; Don’t try to make your draft perfect at once – ease the pressure; Read your draft aloud or ask a friend to read it aloud for you. When you listen, you are more likely to see where you should make improvements. When you have done multiple revisions and are satisfied with the content of your piece of writing, you can move to the final editing and proofreading stage. Add the Finishing Touches Now you should pay attention to smaller-scale matters such as: Word choice; Sentence structure; Punctuation, grammar, and spelling; Citation and document format; Capitalization. At this stage, you should also focus on making your Women’s Gender Studies essay meet the conventions of standard written English. A bit of routine work, but it will surely pay back.

Overview of the Sans-culottes

Overview of the Sans-culottes The Sans-culottes were urban workers, artisans, minor landholders, and associated Parisians who took part in mass public displays during the French Revolution. They were frequently more radical than the deputies who formed the National Assembly, and their often violent demonstrations and attacks threatened and cajoled revolutionary leaders down new paths at key moments. They were named after an article of clothing ​and the fact that they didn’t wear it. Origins of the Sans-culottes In 1789, a financial crisis caused the king to call a gathering of the ‘three estates’ which led to a revolution, the declaration of a new government, and a sweeping away of the old order. But the French Revolution wasn’t simply the rich and the noble versus a unified body of middle and lower class citizens. The revolution was driven by factions across all levels and classes. One group who formed and played a massive role in the revolution, at times directing it, were the Sans-culottes. These were lower-middle-class people, craftsmen and apprentices, shopkeepers, clerks, and associated workers, who were often led by the true middle class. They were the strongest and most important group in Paris, but they appeared in provincial cities too. The French Revolution saw a remarkable amount of political education and street agitation, and this group was aware, active and willing to commit violence. In short, they were a powerful and often overwhelming street army. Meaning of the Term Sans-culottes So why ‘Sans-culottes?’ The name literally means ‘without culottes’, a culotte being a form of knee-high clothing that only the wealthier members of French society wore. By identifying themselves as ‘without culottes’ they were stressing their differences from the upper classes of French society. Together with the Bonnet Rouge and the triple colored cockade, the power of the Sans-culottes was such that this became a quasi-uniform of revolution. Wearing culottes could get you into trouble if you ran into the wrong people during the revolution; as a result, even upper-class French people sported the sans-culottes clothing to avoid potential confrontations. What Role Did the Sans-culottes Play in the French Revolution? Over the early years the Sans-culottes program, loose as it was, demanded price fixing, jobs, and crucially provided support for the implementation of the Terror (the revolutionary tribunal that condemned thousands of aristocrats to death). While the Sans-culottes agenda was originally focused on justice and equality, they quickly became pawns in the hands of experienced politicians. In the long run, the Sans-culottes became a force for violence and terror;Â  the people at the top were only ever loosely in charge. End of the Sans-culottes Robespierre, one of the leaders of the revolution, attempted to guide and control the Parisian Sans-culottes. Leaders, however, found that it was impossible to unify and direct the Parisian masses. In the long run, Robespierre being arrested and guillotined, and the Terror stopped. What they had instituted began to destroy them, and from them on the National Guard were able to defeat the Sans-culottes in contests of will and force. By the end of 1795 the Sans-culottes were broken and gone, and it is perhaps no accident France was able to bring in a form of government which managed change with far less brutality.

Market-Based Management Application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Market-Based Management Application - Essay Example Moreover, the principles encourage employees to learn from their failures and always think in terms of opportunity cost. Therefore, MBM entails learning how to understand and deal with the human nature and apply the concepts in an organization to ensure that the products or services are viewed positively by the customer since they satisfy their needs. This essay focuses on the concepts of Market Base Management (MBM), overview of Koch Industries and how the company implemented the MBM, MBM relates to Values Theory, challenges involved in implementing MBM and possible Solutions. Concepts of Market-based Management In companies, individuals possess varying knowledge regarding the operations of the company. Therefore, managers are required to learn how to manage the varying knowledge to enhance the performance of the company. Previously, most organizations focused on hiring competent managers since they believed that the persons would be capable of understanding the situation in the org anization and make plans that would apply to the diverse employees. However, this approach has been unsuccessful in most companies since they failed to realize that a single individual could not possess all the skills required for apposite management. On the contrary, the skills are dispersed amongst the various employees. Understanding this led Charles Koch to develop varying concepts that he combined to come up with the Market Based Management, which is opposed, to centralization of management (Gable, Elllig, & Ellig, 1993; Koch, 2007). The philosophy entails setting clear vision and incentives in an organization and measuring the performance of the employees, which results in establishment of an entrepreneur behavior in organizations. The decision making power is distributed amongst employees and individuals do not have to consult the managers or superiors while making minor decisions. However, the company has a clear vision and the employees are encouraged to ensure that their d ecisions aim at ensuring the company’s vision is realized. Since the employees understand what they are required to accomplish, have integrity, and expect some incentives from their efforts, they become focused towards achieving their goals, which are in line with the companies vision (Kratzer, 2000). The incentives aim at ensuring that employees are compensated for their works as well as the value they create for the organization. Moreover, the philosophy emphasizes on having appropriate measures to quantity the individual performance, on time delivery, asset performance, as well as performance of the entire organization. Furthermore, the philosophy highlights the role of market principles in an organization (Gable, Elllig, & Ellig, 1993; Kratzer, 2000). Overview of Koch Industries Recently, Forbes magazine ranked Kochs industries as the largest privately held company in the world. Koch industries is an American multinational and is involved in activities such as trading, in vestments and manufacturing, refining and distribution of products such as petroleum, and manufacture of chemicals energy, polymers, fertilizers, fiber, paper and pulp. Fred Koch co-founded the company with other partners in 1940 but his sons Charles Koch and David Koch currently run it. The company is the best example of how the MBM philosophies have been applies since the